Like the advent of mainstream Psychology in India, the Industrial or Organizational psychology also arrived late in comparison to the Western countries. The economical structure is the biggest welcome of this particular field - where India was lacking at the post-independence era. The main aim of organizational psychology was to raise the performance level of the employees in the western world, which was copied here. The cross-cultural studies and indigenous psychology movements promoted or made it to realize that how much organizational psychology is important in the Indian settings.
The area of Organizational Psychology was mainly based on the 'right fit', turnover or absenteeism rate, job satisfaction, work culture and climate, job performance and other related facts. These are the main concerns on the basis of which, the theories, measurements and researches were constructed in the western countries. India was lacking the advancements in technology, data and organizations, so reprinting the western form of data, theory and measurement was done here. The local touch or involvement was lacking.
During the 1970s, a lot of cross-cultural research studies started in India following western prototypes. The research studies conducted in the Indian organizations followed rigorous collection of data on the managers and their behaviours. The form of relationship they use to built with their employers or 'bosses'.
The other topics of organizational behaviours which were covered in the Indian setting was the effectiveness of teams and groups. It was concluded that the effectiveness of team was depended on the job, environmental factors and the structure of the organization, while group effectiveness is the output of internal and external processes, personality of the members. Several meta-analysis were done on the concepts of individualism and collectivism.
And, several culture-specific research studies were done on the leadership approaches. The type of leadership practiced in the Indian Organizational set-up was clarified and several models were being established and compared to reach conclusions.
Indian Organizational Psychology is a field yet to prosper. Many more researches are to be done in the local set-up, on the basis of local or culture specific data collection. As, globalization has an impact on the worldwide economic integration - Indian philosophy has a lot to contribute to the field of organizational psychology.
Industrial management in India now also have some deficits which results from lack of acknowledgement towards human factors in the industrial set-up which results into a number of issues like increased turnover, absenteeism, lesser job satisfaction, less work commitment, poor working conditions and most importantly poor or low work motivation.
So now-a-days special emphasis are being given upon the development of manpower. Human Resource Management and Development are essential now and the Management and Labour policies are being formed to provide support to the employees. Human engineering is also now focused in the Indian organizational set-up. Organizational changes and developments are being done in the Indian organizations either by following the international models or by hiring professionals from different parts of the world.
The progress in this arena is slow and needs much more financial support and expertise to reach the fullest of its development.
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